Information sheet n° 21 :
List of the voyages made for the observation of the
transit of Venus from the XVth century to the XIXth century
This table recapitulates the
voyages related to the observation of the transits of Venus : it is not
exhaustive since it provides the list of known voyages gathered near
bibliographic sources of Paris observatory and near some other sites.
One will find below the list
of the voyages ordered by date of transit, providing for each country the list
of observing sites with the names of the astronomers responsible of the
observations. When it is
difficult to know, an interrogative point is indicated.
|
SITE
OF OBSERVATION OF THE TRANSIT |
ASTRONOMERS |
|||
Venus 1639 :
Great-Britain
|
||||
|
Hoole, Great-Britain |
||||
|
Manchester,
Great-Britain |
||||
Venus
1761 : Anonymous observers
or Jesuits
|
||||
|
Dillingen,
Germany |
Hauser
(Jesuit) |
|||
|
Ingolstadt,
Germany |
Kraz (Jesuit) and two
unknown observers |
|||
|
Madrid,
Spain |
Benevent,
Eximenus |
|||
|
Munich,
Germany |
? |
|||
|
Regensbourg, Germany |
? |
|||
|
Saint-Pétersbourg,
Russia |
Braun |
|||
|
Tranquebar, Danish Indies (India,
nowadays) |
Jesuits |
|||
|
Vienne,
Austria |
Lysogorski,
Mastalier, Rain |
|||
|
Wurzbourg,
Germany |
Hubert |
|||
Venus 1761 Germany
|
||||
|
Bayreuth,
Germany |
Grafenhahn |
|||
|
Gottingen,
Germany |
Mayer
T. |
|||
|
Klosterberg, Germany |
Silberschlag |
|||
|
Laibach (nowadays Ljubljana,
in Slovenia) |
Schöttl |
|||
|
Madrid,
Spain |
Rieger
(Jesuit) |
|||
|
Nürnberg,
Germany |
Kordenbusch |
|||
|
Schwetzingen, Germany |
Mayer C. |
|||
|
Tyrnau
(nowadays Trnava, in Slovakia) |
Weiss |
|||
|
Vienne,
Austria |
Hell (Jesuit), Herberth,
Liesganig (Jesuit), Müller, Scherffer, Stein-Kellner |
|||
|
Wetzlas,
Austria |
Von
Schlug |
|||
Venus 1761 Great-Britain
|
||||
|
Calcutta,
India |
Magee |
|||
|
Cape
of Good Hope |
Mason and Dixon |
|||
|
Chelsea,
Great-Britain |
||||
|
London,
Clerkenwell, Great-Britain |
Heberden |
|||
|
Constantinople
(nowadays Istanbul, Turkey) |
Porter |
|||
|
Greenwich,
Great-Britain |
Bliss, Green, Bird |
|||
|
London,
Hackney, Great-Britain |
Ellicot
& Dolland |
|||
|
Liskeard,
Great-Britain |
Haydon |
|||
|
London, Saville House, Great-Britain |
||||
|
London, Spit. Square, Great-Britain |
Canton |
|||
|
Madras,
India |
Hirst and Jesuits |
|||
|
Sainte-Hélène
Island |
||||
|
Shiburn
Castle, Great-Britain |
Phelps |
|||
Venus 1761 Denmark
|
||||
|
Copenhague,
Denmark |
Horrebow |
|||
|
Drontheim,
Norway |
Bugge
& Hascow |
|||
|
Leipzig,
Germany |
Heinsio |
|||
Venus 1761 United States (british colony)
|
||||
|
Saint-John,
Terre-Neuve |
||||
Venus 1761
France
|
||||
|
Bayeux,
France |
||||
|
Béziers,
France |
Clauzade,
De Manse |
|||
|
Conflans-sous-Carrière, France |
Bailly, La Caille, Turgot de Brucourt |
|||
|
? |
Duchoiselle |
|||
|
Isle
de France (nowadays Island Maurice) |
De
Seligny |
|||
|
Lyon,
France |
Béraud |
|||
|
Montpellier,
France |
Romieu,
Roucher-Deratte, Tandon |
|||
|
Paris,
collège Louis-Le-Grand, France |
||||
|
Paris,
école militaire, France |
Jeaurat |
|||
|
Paris,
hôtel de Cluny, France |
||||
|
Paris,
observatoire royal, France |
Belléri,
Maraldi |
|||
|
Paris,
palais du Luxembourg, France |
Lalande |
|||
|
Passy,
La Muette, France |
De
Fouchy, Noël |
|||
|
Pékin,
China |
Dollier
(Jesuit) |
|||
|
Pondichéry,
India |
||||
|
Rodrigue
Island (North Madagascar) |
||||
|
Rouen,
France |
||||
|
Saint-Hubert, château de, France |
La
Condamine, Le Monnier |
|||
|
Sens,
France |
Luynes, cardinal de |
|||
|
Tobolsk,
Siberia |
||||
|
Vienne,
Austria |
Cassini
de Thury |
|||
|
Vincennes,
France |
Prolange |
|||
Venus 1761 Netherlands
|
||||
|
Batavia, Dutch indies (nowadays
Jakarta, Indonesia) |
Mohr |
|||
|
La
Hague, France |
Klinkenberg |
|||
|
Leiden,
Netherlands |
||||
|
Middelbourg, Netherlands |
de
Munck |
|||
Venus 1761 Italy
|
||||
|
Bologne,
Italy |
Canterzani,
Cassali, Frisi, Marini, Mateucci, Zanotti |
|||
|
Florence,
Italy |
Ximenes
(Jesuit) |
|||
|
Paris,
observatoire royal, France |
Zannoni |
|||
|
Rome,
Italy |
Audiffredi |
|||
Venus 1761
Portugal
|
||||
|
Lisboa,
Portugal |
Ciera |
|||
|
Paris,
Ste-Geneviève, France |
De
Barros |
|||
|
Porto,
Portugal |
De
Almeida |
|||
Venus 1761 Russia
|
||||
|
Saint-Petersbourg, Russia |
Kurganow,
Krasilnikow |
|||
|
Seleginsk,
Russia |
||||
Venus 1761 Sweden
|
||||
|
Abo
(nowadays Turku, Finland) |
||||
|
Cajanebourg (nowadays Kajaani,
Finland) |
||||
|
Kalmar,
Sweden |
Wickström |
|||
|
Karlskrona,
Sweden |
Bergström,
Zegolström |
|||
|
Hernosand,
Sweden |
||||
|
Landskrona,
Sweden |
Brehmer,
Dehn, Landberg |
|||
|
Lund,
Sweden |
Burmester,
Schenmark |
|||
|
Passy,
La Muette, France |
||||
|
Stockholm,
Sweden |
||||
|
Tornio,
Finland |
||||
|
Uppsal,
Sweden |
||||
Venus 1769
|
||||
Venus
1769 : Anonymous and
Jesuits
|
||||
|
Bützow,
Germany |
? |
|||
|
Kiel,
Germany |
Ackermann |
|||
|
Lubeck,
Germany |
Brashe and two unknown
observers |
|||
Venus 1769 Germany
|
||||
|
Colombes,
France |
Bernoulli |
|||
|
Greifswald,
Germany |
||||
Venus 1769 Great-Britain
|
||||
|
Hudson
Bay, Canada |
Dymond,
Wales |
|||
|
Baskenridge, New Jersey, United
States |
Alexander |
|||
|
Caen,
"the Mission", France |
Pigott |
|||
|
Cambridge,
Massachussets, United
States |
Winthrop |
|||
|
Cape Lizard, S. W ;
of Great-Britain |
Bradley |
|||
|
Cape
North |
||||
|
Cavan,
Ireland |
||||
|
Coudre
Island near Québec |
Wright |
|||
|
Dinapur,
India |
||||
|
East Dereham, Norfolk, Great-Britain |
||||
|
Gibraltar |
Jardine |
|||
|
Glasgow, near the university,
Scotland |
||||
|
Greenwich,
London, Great-Britain |
Dollond, P., Dunn, Hirst,
Hitchins, Horsley, Maskelyne, Nairne |
|||
|
Hammerfest,
Norway |
Dixon |
|||
|
Hawkhill,
Scotland |
||||
|
Hinkley |
Robinson |
|||
|
London,
Kew, Great-Britain |
Bevis |
|||
|
Kirknewton,
Scotland |
Brice |
|||
|
Leicester,
Great-Britain |
Ludlam |
|||
|
Lewes,
Delaware, United States |
||||
|
Lewestown,
Pennsylvania, United
States |
Biddle |
|||
|
Leyburn,
Great-Britain |
G.
G. |
|||
|
London, Austin Friars, Great-Britain |
Aubert |
|||
|
London, Mid. Temp., Great-Britain |
||||
|
London, Spit. Square, Great-Britain |
Canton |
|||
|
Newbury,
Massachussets, United
States |
Williams |
|||
|
Norristown,
United States |
||||
|
Oxford,
Great-Britain |
Clare,
Horsley, Jackson, Lucas, Nikitin, Shukburgh, Sykes, Williamson |
|||
|
Phesabad |
||||
|
Philadelphie,
United States |
Ewing, Pearson, Prior,
Shippen, Thomson |
|||
|
Providence, Rhode Island, United
States |
West |
|||
|
Québec |
Holland |
|||
|
Shiburn
Castle, Great-Britain |
||||
|
Tahiti |
||||
|
Wilmington,
Delaware, United States |
Poole |
|||
|
Windsor
Castle, Great-Britain |
||||
Venus 1769 Denmark
|
||||
|
Vardö, Norway |
Borgrewing,
Hell, Sajnovics |
|||
Venus 1769 Spain
|
||||
|
Agromonte |
De
Queiros |
|||
|
Cadix,
Spain |
Tofino |
|||
|
Manila, Spain (nowadays at
Philippines) |
De
Ronas |
|||
|
Mexico City, Mexico |
Alzate |
|||
|
Sainte-Anne, California, United
States |
Velasquez |
|||
|
Saint-Joseph, California, United
States |
Doz, Medina |
|||
Venus 1769 United States (british colony)
|
||||
|
Cape Henlopen, Delaware, United
States |
? |
|||
|
Norriton, Pennsylvanie
(Norristown), United States |
||||
|
Philadelphie,
United States |
? |
|||
|
Talbot County, Maryland, United
States |
||||
Venus 1769
France
|
||||
|
Bordeaux,
France |
Faugère,
De la Roque |
|||
|
Brest,
France |
||||
|
Caen,
the Mission, France |
Rochfort |
|||
|
Cape
François, Saint-Domingue, France (nowadays
République Dominicaine) |
||||
|
Havre
de Grace, France (nowadays
Le Havre) |
Diquemar |
|||
|
Kergars,
France |
D’Après |
|||
|
Martinique,
France |
Christophe |
|||
|
Paris,
collège Louis-Le-Grand, France |
Baudouin,
Messier, Turgot, Zannoni |
|||
|
Paris,
collège Mazarin, France |
||||
|
Paris,
Observatoire royal, France |
||||
|
Passy,
La Muette, France |
||||
|
Pékin,
China |
Collas and Dollières (Jesuits) |
|||
|
Pondichéry,
India |
||||
|
Rouen,
France |
Bouin,
Dulague |
|||
|
Saint-Hubert, château de, France |
||||
|
Saint-Joseph,
Basse California (nowadays
au Mexico) |
||||
|
Saron,
château de, France |
De
Saron |
|||
|
Toulouse,
France |
D’Arquier, Garipui |
|||
Venus 1769 Netherlands
|
||||
|
Batavia, Dutch indies (nowadays
Jakarta, Indonesia) |
Mohr |
|||
Venus 1769 Russia
|
||||
|
Guriev, Russia (nowadays in Kazakhstan) |
Inochodsow,
Lowitz |
|||
|
Kola, peninsula, near
Mourmansk, Russia |
Ochtenski,
Rumovsky |
|||
|
Orenbourg,
Russia |
Krafft |
|||
|
Orsk,
Russia |
Euler,
C. |
|||
|
Ponoi, Russia |
Mallet |
|||
|
Saint-Petersbourg, Russia |
Euler,
Lexell, Mayer C., Stahl |
|||
|
Yakoutsk
(nowadays République de Yakoutie) |
Islenieff and an unknown
observer |
|||
Venus 1769 Sweden
|
||||
|
Cajanebourg (nowadays Kajaani,
Finland) |
||||
|
Hernosand,
Sweden |
Gissler |
|||
|
Lund,
Sweden |
Nenzelius,
Schenmark |
|||
|
Stockholm,
Sweden |
Ferner,
Wargentin, Wilcke |
|||
|
Uppsal,
Sweden |
||||
|
Wanhalinnaberg, near Turku, Sweden |
Gadolin,
Justander |
|||
Venus 1874
|
||||
Venus 1874 Jesuits
|
||||
|
Manila, Spain (nowadays at
Philippines) |
Jesuits |
|||
Venus 1874 Germany
|
||||
|
Auckland, Port Ross, New Zealand |
||||
|
Ispahan,
Iran |
Becker
and Fritsch |
|||
|
Kerguelen
Islands, anse Betsy,
France (nowadays Terres Australes and Antarctiques, France) |
Börgen and Weinek |
|||
|
Maurice,
island, station Solitude, Great-Britain
(nowadays Républ. de l'Island
Maurice) |
Löw and Pechüle |
|||
|
Tchefou,
China |
Valentiner and Adolph |
|||
Venus 1874 Great-Britain
|
||||
|
Burnham, near Christchurch, New
Zealand |
Palmer |
|||
|
Christchurch,
New Zealand |
Darwin |
|||
|
Grahamstown, nowadays
Thames, New Zealand |
Severn |
|||
|
Kerguelen,
Islands, baie de l’Observatoire, France (nowadays Terres Australes and Antarctiques,
France) |
||||
|
Kerguelen,
Islands, baie Supply,
France (nowadays Terres Australes and Antarctiques, France) |
Corbet |
|||
|
Kerguelen,
Islands, Thumb Peak, France (nowadays Terres
Australes and Antarctiques, France) |
Goodridge |
|||
|
Lahore
(nowadays in Pakistan) |
||||
|
Thèbes,
Egypt |
||||
|
Maurice,
Island, Great-Britain (nowadays
République de l'Island Maurice) |
||||
|
Melbourne
Observatory, Australia |
Ellery |
|||
|
Mokattem
Hills, près du Caire, Egypt |
||||
|
Mussoorie,
May-Villa Station, Himalaya |
||||
|
Rodrigue,
Island, Hermitage Island, Great-Britain (nowadays République de l'Ile Maurice) |
||||
|
Rodrigue
Island, Point Coten, Great-Britain
(nowadays République de l'Ile Maurice) |
||||
|
Rodrigue
Island, Point Venus, Great-Britain (nowadays République de l'Ile Maurice) |
||||
|
Roorkee,
India |
||||
|
Honolulu, Oahu, Sandwich
Islands (nowadays Hawai) |
||||
|
Kailua,
Islands Sandwich (nowadays
Hawai) |
||||
|
Waiakiki, near Honolulu,
Sandwich Islands (nowadays Hawai) |
||||
|
Waimea, Island of Kauai,
Atoui, Sandwich Islands (nowadays Hawai) |
||||
|
Suez,
Egypt |
||||
Venus 1874 Australia
|
||||
|
Eden, New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Eversleigh, Armidale, New
South Wales, Australia |
Belfield and Park |
|||
|
Goulburn, New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Newcastle, Raymond Street,
New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Sydney,
Australia |
||||
|
Sydney,
Hunter Street, Australia |
||||
|
Woodford, New South Wales, Australia |
||||
Venus 1874 Denmark
|
||||
|
Maurice,
Island, Great-Britain (nowadays
République de l'Ile Maurice) |
Pechule |
|||
Venus 1874 United States
|
||||
|
Campbell, Island, Tasmania (nowadays
in New Zealand) |
Raymond |
|||
|
Hobart Town, Tasmania (nowadays
in Australia) |
||||
|
Molloy
Point, Islands
Kerguelen, France (nowadays Terres Australes
and Antarctiques, France) |
Ryan |
|||
|
Nagasaki,
Japan |
Davidson |
|||
|
Pékin,
China |
||||
|
Queenstown,
New Zealand |
Peters |
|||
|
Vladivostok,
Russia |
Hall |
|||
|
Whangaroa, Island Chatham, New
Zealand |
||||
Venus 1874
France
|
||||
|
Campbell, Island, Tasmania (nowadays
in New Zealand) |
||||
|
Haiphong,
Tonkin |
Bouillet |
|||
|
Kobe,
Japan |
||||
|
Nagasaki,
Japan |
||||
|
Nouméa,
Nouvelle-Calédonie |
||||
|
Pékin,
China |
||||
|
Saïgon,
IndoChina |
||||
|
Saint-Paul,
Island, France near Madagascar (nowadays
Terres Australes and Antarctiques, France) |
||||
Venus 1874 Pays-Bas
|
||||
|
Réunion,
Island, France |
? |
|||
|
Réunion,
Island, Saint-Denis, France |
Oudemans |
|||
Venus 1874 Italy
|
||||
|
Muddapur, Bengale (nowadays
in India) |
||||
Venus 1874 Mexico
|
||||
|
Yokohama,
Japan |
||||
Venus 1874 New
Zealand
|
||||
|
Auckland, Island, New Zealand |
? |
|||
|
Bluff
Harbor, New Zealand |
? |
|||
Venus 1874 Russia
|
||||
|
Chabarowsk,
Russia |
||||
|
Hakodate,
Japan |
||||
|
Kamen-Rybolow, Russia |
||||
|
Thèbes,
Egypt |
||||
|
Nakhodka,
Russia |
||||
|
Nertschinskij Zawod, Russia |
||||
|
Orianda,
Ukraine |
||||
|
Pékin,
China |
||||
|
Possiet,
Russia |
||||
|
Téhéran,
Iran |
||||
|
Tschita,
Siberia, Russia |
||||
|
Vladivostok,
Russia |
||||
|
Yokohama,
Japan |
||||
Venus 1882
|
||||
Venus 1882 Germany
|
||||
|
Charlestown, station Aiken, South
Carolina, United States |
||||
|
Dolores,
Station Bahia Blanca, Argentina |
Hartwig |
|||
|
Punta Arenas, Patagonia, Chile |
Auwers |
|||
|
Richmond, station Hartford,
Virginia, United States |
Müller |
|||
Venus 1882 Great-Britain
|
||||
|
Auckland, Island, New Zealand |
Heale |
|||
|
Hastings, Barbados, Great-Britain
(nowadays independant, N.-E of Venezuéla) |
||||
|
Gibb’s
Hill, Bermuda, Great-Britain |
Plummer and Neate |
|||
|
Bidwill’s, New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Brisbane,
Queensland, Australia |
||||
|
Burnham,
New Zealand |
||||
|
Cambridge, Massachussets, United States |
||||
|
Cape of Good Hope, Aberdeen
Road |
Finlay and Pett |
|||
|
Cape of Good Hope, Montagu
Road |
||||
|
Cape of Good Hope,
Observatoire royal |
||||
|
Cherry Garden, near
Kingston, Jamaica |
Pearson |
|||
|
Christchurch,
New Zealand |
||||
|
Cobourg,
Canada |
Bain |
|||
|
Magellan
Channel, Peckett Harbour |
||||
|
Magellan Channel, Sandy Hill
Station, Peckett Harbour |
||||
|
Dunedin, New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Durban, Natal Observatory, South
Africa |
||||
|
Hobart Town, Tasmania (nowadays
en Australia) |
||||
|
Kempshot Observatory,
Montego Bay, Jamaica |
||||
|
Kingston
Observatory, Canada |
||||
|
Madagascar |
Perry, Sidgreaves and Carlisle |
|||
|
Maurice,
Island, Great-Britain (nowadays
République de l' Ile Maurice) |
||||
|
Melbourne
Observatory, Australia |
Ellery and Gilbert |
|||
|
Nelson, New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
New Plymouth, New South
Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Ottawa,
Nepean Point, Canada |
||||
|
Park
Camp, Jamaica |
||||
|
Sydney,
Australia |
Russell,
Leneham, Savage |
|||
|
Wellington, Boulcott Street,
New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Wellington, Mount Cook
Observatory, New South Wales, Australia |
||||
|
Wenthworth, New South Wales,
Australia |
Todd
(Charles) |
|||
|
Winnipeg,
Canada |
||||
Venus 1882
Argentina
|
||||
|
Bragado,
sud de Buenos-Aires, Argentina |
||||
|
Buenos-Aires,
Argentina |
Beuf
(Français) |
|||
Venus 1882
Belgique
|
||||
|
San Antonio, Texas, United
States |
||||
|
Santiago,
Chile |
||||
Venus 1882 Brazil
|
||||
|
Olinda,
Brazil |
J.
d'O. Lacaille |
|||
|
Punta Arenas, Patagonie, Chile |
||||
|
Saint-Thomas, Denmark, nowadays
Virgin Islands Vierges (United States) |
||||
Venus 1882 Denmark
|
||||
|
Sainte-Croix, Island (West
Indies, S.E. of Porto-Rico) |
Pechüle |
|||
Venus 1882 United States
|
||||
|
Auckland, Island, New Zealand |
Smith |
|||
|
Cambridge, Harvard College
Observatory, Massachussetts, United States |
||||
|
Cambridgeport,
Massachussets, United States |
Clark
& Sons |
|||
|
Cedar Keys, Florida, United
States |
Eastman |
|||
|
Cerro Roblero, New-Mexico, United
States |
Davidson |
|||
|
Floride,
United States |
Eastman |
|||
|
La Habana, Spain (nowadays
Cuba) |
Hasselbrink |
|||
|
Mount Hamilton, Lick Observatory,
California, United States |
||||
|
New York, Saint-Paul church,
United States |
Searle |
|||
|
Nouveau-Mexico, United States |
Davidson |
|||
|
Princeton, New Jersey, United
States |
Young |
|||
|
San Antonio, Texas, United
States |
Hall |
|||
|
Santa
Cruz, Patagonie, Argentina |
Wheeler |
|||
|
Santiago,
Chile |
Boss |
|||
|
Washington DC, US Naval
Observatory, United States |
||||
|
Wellington, Cape of Good
Hope, South Africa |
Newcomb |
|||
Venus 1882
France
|
||||
|
Algiers,
Algeria |
||||
|
Avila,
Spain |
||||
|
Cape
Horn, Orange Bay |
||||
|
Cerro-Negro, near San
Bernardo, Chile |
||||
|
Châteaudun,
France |
||||
|
Chubut,
Argentina |
||||
|
Marseille,
France |
||||
|
Martinique,
fort Tartenson, France |
||||
|
Montevideo,
Uruguay |
||||
|
Nice,
France |
||||
|
Oran,
Algérie |
||||
|
Pétionville,
near Port-au-Prince, Haïti |
||||
|
Puebla,
fort Loreto, Mexico |
||||
|
Rio-Negro,
Patagonia, Argentina |
||||
|
Saint-Augustin, fort Marion,
Florida, United States |
||||
|
Santa-Cruz,
Patagonia, Argentina |
||||
|
Toulon,
observatoire de la Marine, France |
||||
Venus 1882 Ireland
|
||||
|
Armagh
Observatory, Ireland |
||||
|
Cork,
Queen's College, Ireland |
England |
|||
|
Dun Echt Observatory, Scotland |
Lohse |
|||
|
Dunsink,
Ireland |
Stawell
Ball |
|||
|
Madison, Washburn
Observatory, Wisconsin, United States |
||||
|
Markree,
Ireland |
Doberck |
|||
Venus 1882 Italy
|
||||
|
Rome,
observatoire royal, Italy |
||||
|
Moncalieri, observatory of
Charles-Albert college, Italy |
Denza, the father |
|||